Zoonotic Diseases in Food Production and WHO Guidelines #UPSC #zoonosis

Zoonotic Diseases in Food Production and WHO Guidelines #UPSC #zoonosis

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A zoonosis is an infectious disease that jumps from a non-human animal to humans.

Zoonotic pathogens may be bacterial, viral or parasitic.

They can spread to humans through direct contact or through food, water and the environment.

Animals, particularly wild animals, are the source of more than 70% of all emerging infectious diseases in humans, many of which are caused by novel viruses

India is among the top geographical hotspots where zoonotic diseases are a major public health issue causing high burden of morbidity and mortality.


Major public health zoonotic diseases in India include Rabies, Brucellosis, Toxoplasmosis, Cysticercosis, Echinococcosis, Japanese Encephalitis (JE), Plague, Leptospirosis, Scrub typhus, Nipah, Trypanosomiasis, Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF).

Programmes have been launched under National Centre for Disease Control:

Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP).
National Programme for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance.
National Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Programme.
Strengthening Inter-sectoral coordination for prevention and control of Zoonotic Diseases of Public Health Importance.
National Rabies control programme.

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